TROMBOEMBOLISMUL VENOS: ASPECTE EPIDEMIOLOGICE, MEDICO-SOCIALE ȘI ECONOMICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2022.1-72.12Cuvinte cheie:
tromboză venoasă, embolie pulmonară, factori de risc trombozăRezumat
Tromboembolismul venos (TEV) include tromboza venelor profunde a membrelor inferioare sau pelvisului și complicația acesteia embolismul pulmonar (EP). TEV este frecvent întâlnit în practica clinică, în special la vârstnici și se asociază cu o supraviețuire redusă, costuri substanțiale pentru îngrijiri, o rată ridicată de recurență. Boală este multifactorială și implică interacțiuni între predispozițiile dobândite sau moștenite pentru tromboză. Factorii de risc majori ai trombozei venoase includ spitalizarea pentru intervenții chirurgicale sau boli acute, cancerul activ, boală neurologică cu deficiențe neurologice, traume sau fracturi, tromboză venoasă superficială și specific pentru femei - sarcină și puerperiu, contracepție orală și terapia hormonală. Deși actualmente sunt identificați factori de risc independenți pentru tromboza venoasă, predictori ai recurențelor, sunt disponibile remedii eficiente pentru profilaxia primară și secundară, incidența TEV rămâne constantă, sau chiar este în creștere. Prezentul referat reflectă informații actuale privitor la epidemiologia tromboembolismului venos și factorilor de risc, tendințele incidenței și recurenței, supraviețuirea, costurile asistenței medicale. Acest articol face parte din revista literaturii din cadrul proiectului de stat cu cifrul 20.80009.8007.28.
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