Characteristics of T lymphocyte proliferation depending on oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in patients with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2025.3-83.07Keywords:
pulmonary tuberculosis, relapse, immunology, biochemistry, oxidative stress, antioxidant activityAbstract
The study included 130 patients, which comprised: a) an main group - 65 patients with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis and b) a control group - 65 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients’ leukocyte formula, lymphocyte proliferation in the lymphocyte blast transformation reaction with phytohemagglutinin, the state of oxidative stress reactions and antioxidant activity were determined. The study showed that in patients with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis: lymphocyte proliferation in both groups of patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls, and in patients with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis, the content of transformed lymphocytes was even lower than in patients without relapse; In patients with relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis, the degree of oxidative damage to proteins and the predisposition of lipoproteins to oxidation significantly increase according to the AOPP marker and the oxidative stress indicator malondialdehyde (MDA), which indicates the severity of oxidative stress reactions in these patients compared to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; patients with relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly lower total antioxidant activity, determined by the ABTS method and the CUPRAC method, which reflects the suppression of total antioxidant activity; patients with relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly lower activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme, which reflects the suppression of the activity of the enzymatic link of antioxidant protection; in patients with relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis, a more pronounced and reliable increase in the activity of haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin proteins was noted compared to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; In patients with relapsed tuberculosis, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activity may be potential biomarkers of suppressed lymphocyte proliferation indices due to a strong correlation.
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