Management of patients with acute myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation in the Republic of Moldova
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2023.1-75.09Cuvinte cheie:
Sindrom coronarian acut, NSTEMI, troponina înalt sensibilă, evenimente cardiovasculare majoreRezumat
Scop: Evaluarea calității managementului NSTEMI în cadrul centrelor responsabile de IMA și identificarea unor potențiale lacune în conduita pacienților cu acest diagnostic. Material și metode: În studiu au fost înrolați 550 de pacienți cu NSTEMI, spitalizați în 3 centre de angioplastie coronariană: Institutul de Cardiologie, SP Novamed și SCM Sfânta Treime. Informația a fost colectată cu ajutorul unui chestionar compus din 179 de întrebări, elaborat conform standardelor Registrului EORP NSTEMI. Cercetarea a derulat în două etape: studiu observațional retrospectiv pe parcursul anului 2019 și prospectivîn perioada 01.2020-09.2022. Rezultate. Rata NSTEMI din numărul total de pacienți spitalizați cu IMA în cadrul Institutului de Cardiologie, în perioada 2019-2022 a fost de 21,6%. Rezultatele evaluării managementului NSTEMI în centrele de IMA studiate sunt apropiate de cele raportate de registrele internaționale echivalente (EORP NSTEMI, FAST-MI, PL-ACS, MINAP), dar cu unele diferențe la anumite capitole: strategia de diagnostic a SCA fără elevarea segmentului ST, stratificarea riscului, diagnosticul și tratamentul hipercolesterolemiei, dar și în tratamentul antiplachetar indicat la externare. Rata mortalității în spital a fost de 4,2%, la 30 de zile 6,0%, la 6 luni de la spitalizare 10,2%, iar la 12 luni 12,8%. Concluzii. Rata NSTEMI în Republica Moldova este mai mică decât cea raportată de către registrele internaționale ale IMA, în timp ce indicatorii mortalității sunt mai mari. Aceste divergențe sunt explicate în mare parte de lacunele din managementul NSTEMI, identificate în cadrul centrelor de IMA studiate. Cuvinte cheie: Sindrom coronarian acut, NSTEMI, troponina înalt sensibilă, evenimente cardiovasculare majore.Referințe
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