TULBURĂRI VESTIBULARE ÎN SCLEROZA MULTIPLĂ: ASPECTE CLINICE ȘI DE MANAGEMENT (REVISTA LITERATURII)

Autori

  • Ecaterina POSTOVOI IP Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”; IMSP Institutul de Neurologie și Neurochirurgie „Diomid Gherman” https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5956-5200
  • Cristina CERGUȚĂ IP Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”; IMSP Institutul de Neurologie și Neurochirurgie „Diomid Gherman” https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0367-8851
  • Anna BELENCIUC IP Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”; IMSP Institutul de Neurologie și Neurochirurgie „Diomid Gherman” https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0904-1410
  • Vitalie LISNIC IP Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”; IMSP Institutul de Neurologie și Neurochirurgie „Diomid Gherman” https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5432-8859
  • Marina SANGHELI IP Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”; IMSP Institutul de Neurologie și Neurochirurgie „Diomid Gherman” https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4064-9472

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2025.2-82.43

Cuvinte cheie:

scleroză multiplă, vertij central, vertij periferic, reflex vestibulo-ocular, videonistagmografie, posturografie, reabilitare vestibulară

Rezumat

Rezumat.Tulburările vestibulare reprezintă o manifestare frecventă și invalidantă în scleroza multiplă (SM), având mecanisme patofiziologice complexe ce implică atât afectarea structurilor centrale, cât și asocierea cu vestibulopatii periferice, de exemplu vertijul paroxistic pozitional benign (VPPB).Scopul studiului: Evaluarea detaliată a literaturii de specialitate în vederea analizei relațiilor dintre formele clinice ale SM, topografia leziunilor, tipul de sindrom vestibular, markerii funcționali și opțiunile de tratament. Materiale și metode: Sinteza literaturii, realizată în acord cu PRISMA, a 39 articole publicate în intervalul 2015- 2025 în limba engleză în PubMed, Elsevier, Frontiers și ResearchGate.Rezultate: Scleroza multiplă recurent remisivă (SMRR) se asociază mai frecvent cu sindroame acute/episodice vestibuare legate de leziuni noi în trunchi/vestibulo-cerebel, în timp ce formele progresive prezintă sindrom vestibular cronic. vHIT, VEMP, VNG și posturografia corelează cu severitatea evoluției SM. Intervențiile eficiente includ reabilitarea vestibulară personalizată, manevre de repoziționare pentru formele periferice și tratamentul precoce al puseelor. Studiile recente susțin beneficiile VR -terapiei și programelor integrate de reabilitare în îmbunătățirea echilibrului și reducerea amețelii.Concluzii: O abordare integrată, ghidată de fenotip și markerii obiectivi, optimizează diagnosticul diferențial al tulburărilor vestibulare în scleroza multiplă și personalizarea terapiei/reabilitării, cu potențial de reducere a amețelii, îmbunătățire a echilibrului și scădere a riscului de căderi.

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Descărcări

Publicat

2026-03-26

Număr

Vol. 82 Nr. 2 (2025): Ştiinţe medicale

Secțiune

Articol de cercetare

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Copyright (c) 2026 Buletinul Academiei de Științe a Moldovei. Științe medicale

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Această lucrare este licențiată în temeiul Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.