Особенности течения тромбоэмболии легочной артерии у женщин
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2023.1-75.14Ключевые слова:
тромбоэмболии легочной артерии, особенности у женщинАннотация
В данном обзоре представлены данные литературы, касающиеся особенностей течения острой тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) у женщин. Было обнаружено, что общая заболеваемость ТЭЛА с поправкой на возраст и пол выше у мужчин, однако риск у пожилых женщин выше, чем у мужчин того же возраста. К факторам риска ТЭЛА у женщин относят возраст, ревматологические заболевания, заместительную гормональную терапию или пероральные контрацептивы, беременность и послеродовой период, недавнее хирургическое вмешательство, иммобилизацию, травму, ожирение и сердечную недостаточность. Женщины с ТЭЛА, как правило, были старше, чаще имели одышку, гипотензию и признаки правожелудочковой дисфункции, более высокие уровни NT-proBNP по сравнению с мужчинами. В случаях массивной ТЭЛА женщины с меньшей вероятностью получают тромболизисную терапию. У женщин наблюдали больше геморрагических осложнений. Различий по признаку пола в госпитальной летальности и 30-дневной летальности от всех причин обнаружено не было. Данных относительно отдаленной смертности мало.
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