Management features of polytrauma patients with predominant musculoskeletal injuries

Abstract

Introduction. The shift in trauma patterns has brought the issue of polytrauma to the forefront among the epidemics of the 21st century. Despite modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, the management of patients with polytrauma remains a current and debated issue due to high mortality and loss of functional capacity in patients. Aim. To analyze the surgical treatment methods used in polytrauma patients, depending on the severity of the injury and the dominant lesions of the musculoskeletal system. Material and methods. The study included 64 polytrauma patients with predominant injuries of the musculoskeletal system: 50 men (78.13%) and 14 women (21.87%). The majority of patients were active individuals under the age of 50 (87.5%). Musculoskeletal injuries were associated by thoracic trauma in 43 patients and abdominal organ injuries in 5 cases (7.8%). All patients underwent full examination in accordance with the protocol adopted in the clinic. Results. In cases of pelvic and limb bone injuries, acute-phase interventions were limited to stabilization of fractures using external fixation devices. Minimally invasive surgical techniques were used in 61 cases (95.3%), providing early rehabilitation, reduced hospitalization time, and a lower rate of severe complications. Conclusions. Timely and qualified application of modern standard measures in providing medical care to patients with polytrauma, along with a multidisciplinary approach, ensures positive outcomes.