Managementul serviciului oncologic din Republica Moldova

Abstract

In the Republic of Moldova as in the majority European states the incidence of cancer is in a moderate increase. Thus, in 1980 the morbidity by malign tumours was 149,0 new cases registered per 100 000 of people, while in 2004 that index reached the number of 202,1 new cases per 100 000 of people. The mortality index in 1980 was 95,0 cases per 100 000 of people, but in 2004- 148,6 cases per 100 000 of people.At the same time, from 1999, the National Program Against Cancer is functioning, the principal activity directions of which are: primary and secondary prophylaxis of cancer.Analyzing the morbidity structure of males malign tumours, we determine an absolutely prevalence of lung cancer (19,5%), followed by stomach cancer, skin, oral cavity mucous, hemoblastosis. In females malign tumours the fi rst position is occupied by breast cancer (23,8%), then skin cancer, uterine cervix, hemoblastosis, gastric cancer. In the morbidity of children fi rst position has hemoblastosis (44,5%), followed by the tumours of soft and bone tissue, brain tumours.The analysis of mortality because of malign tumours determines a priority of lung cancer (13,6%), followed by gastric cancer, breast cancer, rectum cancer and hemoblastosis. The stage analysis of diagnosis of malign tumours shows a high level of tracing out in stages III and IY (26,6% and 27,8% respectively) in comparison with the low level of tracing out in stages I and II (20,3%).The analysis of prevalence and survival during 5 years of the patients with cancer showed, that the index is in a little increase as the result of the National Program Against Cancer application in some regions like: the prevalence in breast cancer increased from 313,8% in 1999 to 392,7% in 2004, in hemoblastosis from 61,4% to 76,1%, cancer of colon from 38% to 47,2%, cancer of thyroid gland from 21% to 33,9%.Resulting from morbidity and mortality index and of oncological diseases in the Republic of Moldova, it is necessary to improve some measures in the direction of primary and secondary prophylaxis of cancer and to proper fi nance the National Program according to its necessities.