The role of inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapy in non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2025.1-81.15Keywords:
non-obstructive CAD, microvascular angina, INOCA, ANOCA, colchicine, SGLT2Abstract
A large proportion of patients undergoing coronary angiography for angina pectoris do not have obstructive epicardial coronary arteries (ANOCA). In these patients, the prevalence of demonstrable ischemia (INOCA) varies between 10% and 30%, depending on the stress test performed. In recent years, research has focused on defining, classifying, and treating these patients according to INOCA endotypes.Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction play a key role in the onset and progression of chronic non-obstructive coronary artery disease (non-obstructive CAD), and identifying the correlation between these mechanisms and the disease itself may offer a targeted therapeutic strategy.This synthesis presents data from the last 10 years of the specialized literature, searched on Google Scholar and PubMed using keywords such as: inflammation in non-obstructive CAD, anti-inflammatory therapy in non-obstructive CAD. The selected studies, with scientific relevance, focused on the clinical importance, mechanism, evaluation, and management of non-obstructive CAD, with particular emphasis on the role of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and anti-inflammatory therapy.
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