Современная диагностика хронической обструктивной болезни легких у пожилых людей.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2021.3-71.32Ключевые слова:
хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, пожилые люди, обострение, одышка, эхокар- диография, натрийуретические пептиды, спирометрияАннотация
Чтобы выяснить клинические особенности и диагностические проблемы, характерные для гериатрических пациентов, была изучена научная литература на международном уровне, в результате чего были установлены следующие важные особенности: пациенты, характеризующиеся высокой частотой тревожных симптомов, значительным риском когнитивного, аффективного и функционального снижения, прогрессированием заболевания, частым обращением за медицинской помощью, чрезвычайно сложным лечением и повышенной смертностью. (2) Атипичная клиническая картина и смешение сопутствующих заболеваний, ограниченное использование спирометрии и отсутствие клинических подозрений в первичной медико-санитарной помощи приводят к заниженной диагностике ХОБЛ у пожилых людей. (3) Спирометрия играет важную роль в диагностической процедуре, но только путем согласования с другими подходящими современными методами прогностической диагностики, такими как анкеты и исследования, чтобы предотвратить гипердиагностику, вызванную нормальным старением легких. (4) Острые обострения и сопутствующие заболевания могут вызвать диагностическую путаницу и ухудшить терапевтические результаты, что подтверждает необходимость ранней комплексной диагностики для сохранения саногенного пути пожилых людей. (5) Клинико-параклинические, диагностические и терапевтические особенности подтверждают необходимость многомерной оценки и междисциплинарного вмешательства у гериатрических пациентов с ХОБЛ.Библиографические ссылки
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