The impact of the method of anesthesia and ventilation on the results of endoscopic treatment of early glottic carcinoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2025.1-81.25Keywords:
lottic carcinoma, flexible endoscopy, endoscopic surgery, Nd:YAG laserAbstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term efficiency of flexible endoscopic laryngeal surgery (FELS) for the treatment of early glottic carcinoma related to the applied method of anesthesia and ventilation. Ninety patients (males - 82, females - 8) aged 18-83 years (mean - 56.9±10.7) with early glottic carcinoma (T1a- 27, T1b- 24, T2- 39) who underwent FELS and could be followed up for 5 years after the endoscopic intervention were included in the study. Nd:YAG laser ablation of the tumor was performed in all the cases. In 1/3 of the cases, laser ablation was preceded by diathermy snare excision. Adjuvant radiotherapy was offered in 20 of the T2 cases. FELS under local anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation was performed in 57 patients (63.3%), the rest of the patients (n=33 (36.7%)) were operated on under general anesthesia with superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV). For the mentioned 2 groups of patients, respectively, the 5- year overall survival and ultimate disease control (including salvage treatment) were obtained in 93.0% and 87.9% of cases, cure with larynx preservation - in 91.2% and 84.8% of cases, disease-free survival- in 82.5% and 84.8% of cases, ultimate disease control by FELS alone - in 87.7% and 84.8% of cases. The evidence of superior oncological outcomes of FELS under general anesthesia with SHFJV compared to FELS under local anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation was not obtained. From the oncological perspective, FELS can be considered an efficient method of treatment of T1-T2 glottic carcinoma and an alternative to the traditional approaches. Concerning oncological efficiency, awake FELS does not demonstrate inferiority compared to CLEF under general anesthesia with HFJV and is a safe procedure that can be recommended for managing early glottic carcinoma in an outpatient setting.
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