Areas of developmental disorders in young children based on the guide for monitoring child development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2025.2-82.07Keywords:
Child Development Monitoring Guide, developmental disorders, risk factors, young childrenAbstract
More than 200 million children under the age of 5 in low and middle - income countries (LMICs) fail to reach their full developmental potential during early childhood. Global estimates of the prevalence of global developmental disorders (GDD) range from 1-3%, but recent reports indicate a much higher prevalence (6.4%) among children in Turkey and 8% in the United Arab Emirates, and GDD are reported to be 30% more common in boys than girls.Purpose of the study: assessing the applicability of the Child Development Monitoring Guide (CDMG), identifying risk factors and determining the spectrum of developmental disorders in young children, in order to improve their monitoring interventions. Material and methods . The study included a retrospective analysis of 97 children hospitalized in the Institute of Mother and Child, between October 2024 and February 2025. The assessment of developmental disorders was carried outaccording to the instructions and criteria established in the Child Development Monitoring Guide. The assessment of the nutritional status of the children included in the study was carried out based on the determination of the body mass index (BMI), as a validated method for the analysis of the proportionality between weight and height.Conclusions . Following the assessment of the development of the children included in the study, we found the presence of significant impairments in multiple areas of development. Thus, 38.14% of the children presented disorders in the field of play, highlighting difficulties in manifesting intellectual behaviors appropriate to their age. Fine motor skills were affected in 29.90% of the children, and gross motor skills in 49.48%, indicating disorders in coordination and motor control. Regarding language development, an impairment was found in 56.70% of cases for the expressive component and in 35.05% for the receptive one, indicating delays in verbal communication both at the level of expression and comprehension. The area of social interaction was compromised in 35.05% of children, reflecting difficulties in establishing and maintaining future social relationships. At the same time, 28.87% of children presented disorders in self - care skills, indicating problems in personal autonomy.
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